2019年12月四级翻译解析

新东方吉林学校  温京学

翻译综合评述解析

本次四级翻译题总体来说较简单。从篇章主题来看，本次考题以传统结合社会热点,围绕

“传统家庭”的话题进行考查，三套主题分别为家庭观念，家庭教育，家庭传统文化。话题偏社会生活化，于考生而言较易理解，更好把握。

从句式结构来看，本次三篇考题大多集中考察简单句中的主谓宾及主系表句型，其中对于谓语动词的考察相对简单，都是考生熟悉的词且能信手拈来，时态的考察也相对固定，无非是现在时、过去时、现在完成时，并且三种时态的选择也较好把握。此外，对于从句的考察也较为简单，原因状语从句、宾语从句，表语从句等都比较容易把握，没有太大难度。

从词汇层面来看，家庭观念，家庭教育的话题在生活中较为常见，属于考生应有的词汇储备范围，除了“姓”这一单词，可能部分考生平时没有注意观察积累，翻译的时候会遇到一些阻碍，家庭观念，改革开放这类词汇翻译起来没有太大问题。另外，吉林学校在秋季授课中对于主体把握较为准确，基本句式讲授完整，关键词汇全部涉及，课程内的练习在“家庭教育”“家庭观念”两个主题上都有复现。

中国的家庭观念与其文化系统有关。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。过去四代同堂并不少见。由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天，这个传统正在改变。随着住房条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇与父母分开住。但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。奶年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。

2019.12四级翻译-1

1.中国的家庭观念与其文化系统有关。

【解析】考察被动结构的翻译：与...有关be related to。词汇短语：概念concept；文化系统cultural system.。

【答案】The concept of family in China is related to its cultural system.

2.和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。

【解析】考察翻译中时态问题：曾 were once。词汇短语：和睦的harmonious；令人羡慕的enviable。

【答案】Large and harmonious families were once very enviable.

3.过去四代同堂并不少见。

【解析】词汇短语：四代同堂the four generations。

【答案】The past four generations were not uncommon.

4.由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。

【解析】考察原因状语翻译：由于owing to; thanks to; as a result of; due to;because of。词汇考察：婚后after marriage。

【答案】Because of this tradition, many young people continue to live with their parents after marriage.

5.今天，这个传统正在改变。

【解析】考察翻译中时态问题：进行时be doing。

【答案】Today, that tradition is changing.

6.随着住房条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇与父母分开住。

【解析】考察伴随装状语翻译：随着... with+n.短语。词汇短语：分开住live apart from。

【答案】With the improvement of housing conditions, more and more young couples live apart from their parents.

7.但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。

【解析】考察搭配翻译：密切联系strong connection。

But the connection between them is still strong.

8.许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。

【解析】词汇短语：孙辈grandchildren。

Many old people still help to look after their grandchildren.

9.年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。

【解析】考察动词短语语法使用：spend time (in) doing。词汇短语：春节the Spring Festival;中秋节the Mid-autumn Day/ Mid-autumn festival。

Young couples also spend time visiting their parents, especially during important holidays such as the Spring Festival and Mid-autumn Day.

【参考答案】The concept of family in China is related to its cultural system. Large and harmonious families were once very enviable. The past four generations were not uncommon. Because of this tradition, many young people continue to live with their parents after marriage. Today, that tradition is changing. With the improvement of housing conditions, more and more young couples live apart from their parents. But the connection between them is still strong. Many old people still help to look after their grandchildren. Young couples also spend time visiting their parents, especially during important holidays such as the Spring Festival and Mid-autumn Day.

2019.12四级翻译-2

中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好的教育。他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参加国际交流项目，让其拓宽视野。通过这些努力，他们期望孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣做出贡献。

1.中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。

【解析】考察固定搭配翻译：十分重视attach great importance to。

【答案】Chinese families attach great importance to their children's education.

2.许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好的教育。

【解析】考察宾语从句及一主多谓翻译：同一个主语“许多父母”有“认为”和“确保”两个动词，由于宾语不同，可选择一个动词处理成谓语，一个动词处理成非谓语，也可使用宾语从句等其他形式。

【答案】Many parents believe that they should work hard to ensure that their children receive a good education.

3.他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。

【解析】考察固定搭配翻译：不仅...而且... not only... but also...注意not only放句首时需要使用倒装语序，建议可以不用放在句首，以正常语序来书写。

【答案】Not only are they willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend a lot of time pushing them to learn.

4.多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。

【解析】考察词汇短语翻译：多数most; 名牌大学famous universities, 注意名词单复数问题。

【答案】Most parents want their children to go to famous universities.

5.由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参加国际交流项目，让其拓宽视野。

【解析】考察并列结构及词汇短语翻译：并列结构为动词短语并列。词汇短语：改革开放reform and opening up; 国外学习study abroad; 参加take part in; 国际交流项目international exchange programs；拓宽视野broaden one’s horizons。

【答案】Thanks to the reform and opening up, more and more parents can send their children to study abroad or take part in international exchange programs to broaden their horizons.

6.通过这些努力，他们期望孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣做出贡献。

【解析】 考察目的状语翻译：为...to... 最为简单的翻译方法为to+名词或动词短语表示目的。词汇短语：努力effort; 成长grow up; 做贡献contribute to; 发展与繁荣development and prosperity。

【答案】Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to the development and prosperity of the country.

【参考答案】Chinese families attach great importance to their children's education. Many parents believe that they should work hard to ensure that their children receive a good education. Not only are they willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend a lot of time pushing them to learn. Most parents want their children to go to famous universities. Thanks to the reform and opening up, more and more parents can send their children to study abroad or take part in international exchange programs to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to the development and prosperity of the country.

2019.12四级翻译-3

中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后，千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者预期他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

1.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。

【解析】考察动词短语翻译：由...组成consist of A and B。词汇短语：汉族人the Han; 全名full name; 姓surname; 名first name。

【答案】Chinese Han people's full names consist of surname and first name.

2.中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。

【解析】考察标语从句翻译：“特点是...”后为带有谓语动词的并列句，此处建议使用表语从句be that+句子。

【答案】The characteristic of Chinese names is that the family name always comes first, followed by the first name.

3.千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。

【解析】考察词汇短语翻译：世代相传pass down from generation to generation。

【答案】For thousands of years, the father's name has been passed down from generation to generation.

4.然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。

【解析】考察基本句式翻译：It is +adj.+ 介词/that。

【答案】Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for children to take their mother's last name.

5.一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。

【解析】考察一主多谓翻译：“名”作为主语搭配了“有”和“承载”两个动词，可使用并列句，介词短语或宾语从句等形式进行处理，保留一至二个动词在句中。

【答案】Generally speaking, a given name has one or two Chinese characters and usually carries the wishes of parents for their children.

6.从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者预期他们过什么样的生活。

【解析】考察动词短语翻译：推断出be an indicator of...

【答案】A child's name can be an indicator of what kind of person a parent wants their child to be or what kind of life they expect them to lead.

7.父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。

【解析】考察源于状语从句及动词短语翻译：“因为...”because/ since/ as/ on account that...

【答案】Parents attach great importance to naming their children because names tend to stay with them for life.

【参考答案】Chinese Han people's full names consist of surname and first name. The characteristic of Chinese names is that the family name always comes first, followed by the first name. For thousands of years, the father's name has been passed down from generation to generation. Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for children to take their mother's last name. Generally speaking, a given name has one or two Chinese characters and usually carries the wishes of parents for their children. A child's name can be an indicator of what kind of person a parent wants their child to be or what kind of life they expect them to lead. Parents attach great importance to naming their children because names tend to stay with them for life.